In a stark assessment of South Africa's economic performance Centre for African Management and Markets (CAMM) founding director and Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) economics lecturer Dr Adrian Saville has expressed his disquiet about the nation's economic trajectory, stating, "This is unimpressive. This is what I would call being left behind." Speaking at panel discussion at GIBS, in Johannesburg, on September 13, he raised concerns about the country’s declining income growth, dwindling exports and a persistent deficit between policy ambitions and actual outcomes.