'Alpha male' AI world shuts out women: computing prof Hall

Hall, a professor at Britain's University of Southampton known for her pioneering research into web systems, said that the gender imbalance had long been stark.

"All the CEOs are men," the 73-year-old said, describing the situation at a major AI summit held in New Delhi this week as "amazingly awful".

"It's totally male-dominated, and they just don't get the fact that this means that 50 percent of the population is effectively not included in the conversations."

Gender bias "creeps through everything, because they don't think about it when they build their products", Hall said.

She was speaking in an interview at the AI Impact Summit, where dozens of governments are expected to lay out a shared vision on how to handle the promises and pitfalls of generative AI.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who is pushing for India to become a global AI power, said Thursday that advanced computing systems "must become a medium for inclusion and empowerment".

But when he posed on stage for a photo with leading tech business figures, 13 men were present and only one woman -- Joelle Pineau, a former Meta researcher who is now chief AI officer at Cohere.

It was a similar story at another photo opportunity with world leaders including French President Emmanuel Macron and Brazil's Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.
'Biased world'
Many studies have shown how generative AI tools like ChatGPT and Google's Gemini reflect stereotypes contained in the vast reams of text and images they are trained on.

"We're a biased world, so the training is done on biased data," Hall said.

A 2024 UNESCO study found that large language models described women in domestic roles more often than men, who were more likely to be linked to words like "salary" and "career".

While tech companies work to counter these built-in machine biases, women have found themselves targeted by AI tools in other ways.

Several countries moved to ban Elon Musk's Grok AI tool this year after it sparked global outrage over its ability to create sexualised deepfakes depicting real people -- mostly women -- in skimpy clothing.

Hall, a longtime advocate for women in technology, said that things had "not really improved that much" since she had her start decades ago.

"In AI, it's getting worse."

Few women choose to study computer science in the first place, then "once you get more senior, women fall away", Hall said.

Women-led startups "don't get the investment that the men get", and many simply "get fed up", she added.

Women also "drop out because they just don't want to be part of that alpha male world".
'Felt like giving up'
Hall, who wrote her first paper about the lack of women in computing in the late 1980s, said she had faced "all sorts of barriers" during her career.

"I've had to push through, be strong, have good mentors. And yeah, I felt like giving up many times."

She was made a dame in 2009, and has also acted as a senior adviser to the British government and the United Nations on artificial intelligence.

But at her first job interview at a university nearly five decades ago, "I was told I couldn't have the job because I was a woman" by an all-male panel, she recalled.

"I was supposed to be teaching maths to engineers, and they said as a young woman I wouldn't be able to control a class of male engineers."

Although she has noticed no uptick in women entering the field overall, Hall said she had been inspired in New Delhi.

"The wonderful thing about this conference are the young people here," she said.

"There are a lot of young women here from India and they're all abuzz with the opportunities."